Dietary fibers as emerging nutritional factors against diabetes: focus on the involvement of gut microbiota

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
Vemana GowdWei Chen

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and other secondary complications, such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, etc. The important risk factors for the pathogenesis of DM are aging, family history, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy dietary habits, and obesity. Evidence from epidemiological studies also indicates that DM is characterized by specific alterations in the human gut microbiota (GM). GM transplantation in rodents and humans revealed that a specific GM constituent can be the cause and not just the consequence of the DM condition and complications. These findings suggest a potential role of GM in human health, disease prevention, and treatment. Dietary intervention studies using dietary fibers (DFs) suggested that modulation of the GM can suppress the metabolic risk markers in humans. However, a causal role of GM in such studies remains unexplored. Long-term follow-up studies disclosed that the diet rich in insoluble and non-viscous fibers are responsible for DF-mediated antidiabetic activities, while soluble and viscous fibers have little influence on DM despite having a profound impact on glycemia. However, general conclusions cannot be drawn simply based on these findings. Long-term...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·World Journal of Diabetes·Wei-Zheng LiLei Zhang
Jun 25, 2020·Advances in Nutrition·Vemana GowdKa-Wing Cheng
Oct 3, 2020·Nutrients·Lionel Carneiro, Corinne Leloup
Nov 10, 2020·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Yajuan XieLulu Chen
May 28, 2021·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Xia LiuZong-Xin Ling
Oct 13, 2021·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Vemana GowdKa-Wing Cheng

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