Dietary nitrate and blood pressure: evolution of a new nutrient?

Nutrition Research Reviews
Ann Ashworth, Raul Bescos

Abstract

Dietary nitrate is mainly obtained from vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables and beetroot. As a result of early research, dietary nitrate is currently viewed as a contaminant linked to increased risks of stomach cancer and methaemoglobinaemia. Consequently, nitrate levels are restricted in certain vegetables and in water supplies to ensure exposure levels remain below an acceptable daily intake of 3·7 mg/kg per d. The average nitrate intake in the UK is approximately 70 mg/d, although some population groups, such as vegetarians, may consume three times that amount. However, recent studies in the last decade suggest that dietary nitrate can significantly reduce systolic blood pressure via the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. A small, downward shift in systolic blood pressure across the population could significantly reduce the incidence of hypertension and mortality from CVD such as stroke. Interestingly, vegetarians tend to have lower levels of blood pressure than omnivores and epidemiological studies suggest that vegetarians have lower risks of CVD. Recent evidence is mainly focused on the acute effects of dietary nitrate supplementation and there is a lack of data looking at the chronic effects of high nitrate consumption...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 29, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Khrystyna ZhurakivskaLorenzo Lo Muzio
Sep 24, 2019·American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine·Shivam JoshiScott E Liebman
May 11, 2020·Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics·Cindy M T van der AvoortLex B Verdijk

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