Dietary nitrate supplementation in cardiovascular health: an ergogenic aid or exercise therapeutic?

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Mary N WoessnerJason D Allen

Abstract

Oral consumption of inorganic nitrate, which is abundant in green leafy vegetables and roots, has been shown to increase circulating plasma nitrite concentration, which can be converted to nitric oxide in low oxygen conditions. The associated beneficial physiological effects include a reduction in blood pressure, modification of platelet aggregation, and increases in limb blood flow. There have been numerous studies of nitrate supplementation in healthy recreational and competitive athletes; however, the ergogenic benefits are currently unclear due to a variety of factors including small sample sizes, different dosing regimens, variable nitrate conversion rates, the heterogeneity of participants' initial fitness levels, and the types of exercise tests used. In clinical populations, the study results seem more promising, particularly in patients with cardiovascular diseases who typically present with disruptions in the ability to transport oxygen from the atmosphere to working tissues and reduced exercise tolerance. Many of these disease-related, physiological maladaptations, including endothelial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species, reduced tissue perfusion, and muscle mitochondrial dysfunction, have been previously ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 22, 2018·Annual Review of Nutrition·Andrew M JonesAnni Vanhatalo
Jul 7, 2018·Circulation Research·Mary WoessnerJason D Allen
Oct 15, 2019·The Journal of Physiology·Joaquin Ortiz de Zevallos, Jason D Allen
Jul 2, 2019·Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology·Manisha NotayRaja K Sivamani
Dec 22, 2020·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Letizia RasicaMauro Marzorati
Jan 22, 2021·Journal of Applied Physiology·Scott K FergusonDaniel M Hirai
Jul 21, 2021·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Cindy M T van der AvoortMaria T E Hopman

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pharmacotherapy

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02553733
NCT02934438

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