Dietary restrictions in endurance runners to mitigate exercise-induced gastrointestinal symptoms

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Jill A ParnellKelly Anne Erdman

Abstract

Endurance runners frequently experience exercise-induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, negatively impacting their performance. Food choices pre-exercise have a significant impact on the gut's tolerance to running, yet little information is available as to which foods runners restrict prior to exercise. A questionnaire designed to assess dietary restrictions pre-racing and gastrointestinal symptoms was administered to 388 runners. Fisher's exact tests determined differences in gender, age, performance level, and distance with follow-up multivariable logistic regression modeling. Runners regularly avoided meat (32%), milk products (31%), fish/seafood (28%), poultry (24%), and high-fiber foods (23%). Caffeinated beverages were commonly avoided in events 10 km or less (p < .001); whereas in females, increased running distance was a predictor of avoiding high-fiber foods (OR = 6.7; 95% CI = 1.6-28.5). Rates of food avoidance were elevated in younger and more competitive runners. Common GI symptoms included stomach pain/cramps (42%), intestinal pain/discomfort (23%), side ache/stitch (22%), urge to defecate (22%), and bloating (20%). The prevalence of GI symptoms was higher in younger athletes, especially females, which may explain...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 12, 2021·Physiology & Behavior·Moisés TolentinoArmenio Aguiar Dos Santos
Feb 13, 2021·Nutrients·Kelly Anne ErdmanJill A Parnell
Jun 17, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Kyle A SmithMichael J Ormsbee
Sep 29, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Katharina WirnitzerBeat Knechtle

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