PMID: 15217201Jun 26, 2004Paper

Differences in characteristics of heroin inhalers and heroin injectors at admission to treatment: a preliminary study using a large database of client records

Substance Use & Misuse
Jane Carlisle MaxwellRichard T Spence

Abstract

To compare the characteristics of heroin injectors vs. inhalers at their first admission to publicly funded treatment in Texas. The sample consisted of 9732 unique clients who entered publicly funded treatment programs in Texas between 1997 and 2001 and who had a primary problem with either injected or inhaled heroin, which they had used in the past 30 days. The records were analyzed using a generalized linear model of logistic regression with the outcomes modeled as binomial and multinomial distribution and a hierarchical linear model for continuous outcomes to compare heroin inhalers and injectors. There were large statistically significant differences between injectors and inhalers. Inhalers were more likely to be older at first use of heroin, to have entered treatment sooner, to have minor children at home, to have higher annual incomes, to be first admissions to treatment, and to have a secondary drug problem with crack cocaine. They were also more likely to be Hispanic [odds ratio (OR) = 1.74] or African-American (OR = 12.32). Even though the race/ethnic differences in the Texas population and the type of heroin available for use in Texas differs from that studied elsewhere, many of the characteristics of heroin users are...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1992·British Journal of Addiction·D C Des JarlaisA Rosenblum
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·C CasrielE Khuri
Jan 1, 1980·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·A T McLellanC P O'Brien
Jan 1, 1993·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·R S SchottenfeldP G O'Connor
Jun 12, 1999·The American Journal on Addictions·J StrangM Gossop

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Citations

Jan 1, 2008·Substance Abuse : Research and Treatment·Thomas F KresinaH Westley Clark
Jan 1, 2006·Journal of Maintenance in the Addictions·Jane Carlisle Maxwell, Richard T Spence
Jul 11, 2018·JAMA Neurology·Vilakshan AlambyanCiro Ramos-Estebanez
Jun 23, 2020·ACS Chemical Neuroscience·Jaime Mella-RaipánGonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo

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