Differences in field effectiveness and adoption between a novel automated chlorination system and household manual chlorination of drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a randomized controlled trial

PloS One
Amy J PickeringStephen Luby

Abstract

The number of people served by networked systems that supply intermittent and contaminated drinking water is increasing. In these settings, centralized water treatment is ineffective, while household-level water treatment technologies have not been brought to scale. This study compares a novel low-cost technology designed to passively (automatically) dispense chlorine at shared handpumps with a household-level intervention providing water disinfection tablets (Aquatab), safe water storage containers, and behavior promotion. Twenty compounds were enrolled in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: passive chlorinator, Aquatabs, or control. Over a 10-month intervention period, the mean percentage of households whose stored drinking water had detectable total chlorine was 75% in compounds with access to the passive chlorinator, 72% in compounds receiving Aquatabs, and 6% in control compounds. Both interventions also significantly improved microbial water quality. Aquatabs usage fell by 50% after behavioral promotion visits concluded, suggesting intensive promotion is necessary for sustained uptake. The study findings suggest high potential for an automated decentralized water treatment system to increase c...Continue Reading

References

Jan 25, 2008·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Lauren J StockmanRobert E Quick
Dec 6, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Karen LevyJoseph N S Eisenberg
Mar 27, 2009·Environmental Science & Technology·Wolf-Peter Schmidt, Sandy Cairncross
Aug 28, 2009·Environmental Science & Technology·Thomas ClasenMark Sobsey
Feb 6, 2010·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Amy J PickeringJennifer Davis
Feb 6, 2010·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Ghislaine Rosa, Thomas Clasen
Jun 13, 2012·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Kyle OndaJamie Bartram
Feb 27, 2015·Journal of Water and Health·Anna Murray, Daniele Lantagne

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Citations

Jul 31, 2018·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Stephen P Luby
May 11, 2020·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Alyssa M GrubeValeria Ochoa-Herrera
Sep 10, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Daniel W SmithJennifer Davis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
membrane filtration

Software Mentioned

Aquatab

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