Different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induce differences in cellular responses and fungal activity in a mycorrhiza-defective mutant of tomato (rmc)

Functional Plant Biology : FPB
Maria ManjarrezSandy Dickson

Abstract

The reduced mycorrhizal colonisation (rmc) mutant of tomato forms different phenotypes with different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Our aim was to characterise microscopically the cellular responses in plant and fungus in order to reveal how these varied when colonisation was blocked at different stages. Synchronised colonisation coupled with vital staining, autofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) were used to determine how long the AM fungi stay alive during the interactions with rmc, whether nuclear repositioning occurred in the same way as in wild-type interactions and whether there was evidence for deployment of defence responses. The results showed that (1) all the AM fungi tested were attracted to roots of rmc, on which they developed active external mycelium and appressoria, the latter sometimes in higher numbers than on the wild type; (2) plant cellular responses, such as nuclear movement, occurred only when the AM fungus was able to penetrate the epidermal cells of rmc; and (3) plant defence responses such as autofluorescence were observed only transiently and callose deposition was not involved in blocking AM fungi in rmc. The results demonstrate that multi-step AM colonisation is not only ...Continue Reading

References

Oct 24, 2000·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·P BonfanteM Parniske
Jun 28, 2003·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Vijay GadkarYoram Kapulnik
Aug 1, 2004·The New Phytologist·Kirill DemchenkoKatharina Pawlowski
Jul 1, 2004·The New Phytologist·S Dickson

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