Different cis-acting elements are involved in the regulation of TRP1 and TRP2 promoter activities by cyclic AMP: pivotal role of M boxes (GTCATGTGCT) and of microphthalmia.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
C BertolottoR Ballotti

Abstract

In melanocytes and in melanoma cells, cyclic AMP (cAMP)-elevating agents stimulate melanogenesis and increase the transcription of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanin synthesis. However, two other enzymes, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1) and TRP2, are required for a normal melanization process leading to eumelanin synthesis. In B16 melanoma cells, we demonstrated that stimulation of melanogenesis by cAMP-elevating agents results in an increase in tyrosinase, TRP1, and TRP2 expression. cAMP, through a cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway, stimulates TRP1 and TRP2 promoter activities in both B16 mouse melanoma cells and normal human melanocytes. Regulation of the TRP1 and TRP2 promoters by cAMP involves a M box and an E box. Further, a classical cAMP response element-like motif participates in the cAMP responsiveness of the TRP2 promoter, demonstrating that the TRP2 gene is subjected to different regulatory processes, which could account for its different expression patterns during embryonic development or under specific physiological and pathological conditions. We also found that microphthalmia, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, strongly stimulates the transcriptional activities of the TRP1 and TRP...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 30, 2015·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Harumi NakaoAtsu Aiba
Aug 29, 2012·The Journal of Cell Biology·Pei-Chih LeeCarole LaBonne
Aug 12, 1998·The Journal of Cell Biology·C BertolottoR Ballotti
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Jan 22, 2013·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Liat SamuelovRalf Paus
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Apr 27, 2007·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Richard A NewtonRichard A Sturm
Nov 25, 2003·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Mehdi KhaledCorine Bertolotto
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May 20, 2003·Pigment Cell Research·Hideo SaitoShigeki Shibahara
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Feb 25, 2015·Cell and Tissue Research·Liat SamuelovRalf Paus

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