Different energization mechanisms drive the vacuolar uptake of a flavonoid glucoside and a herbicide glucoside.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Markus KleinE Martinoia

Abstract

Glycosylation of endogenous secondary plant products and abiotic substances such as herbicides increases their water solubility and enables vacuolar deposition of these potentially toxic substances. We characterized and compared the transport mechanisms of two glucosides, isovitexin, a native barley flavonoid C-glucoside and hydroxyprimisulfuron-glucoside, a herbicide glucoside, into barley vacuoles. Uptake of isovitexin is saturable (Km = 82 microM) and stimulated by MgATP 1.3-1.5-fold. ATP-dependent uptake was inhibited by bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPase, but not by vanadate. Transport of isovitexin is strongly inhibited after dissipation of the DeltapH or the DeltaPsi across the vacuolar membrane. Uptake experiments with the heterologue flavonoid orientin and competition experiments with other phenolic compounds suggest that transport of flavonoid glucosides into barley vacuoles is specific for apigenin derivatives. In contrast, transport of hydroxyprimisulfuron-glucoside is strongly stimulated by MgATP (2.5-3 fold), not sensitive toward bafilomycin, and much less sensitive to dissipation of the DeltapH, but strongly inhibited by vanadate. Uptake of hydroxyprimisulfuron-glucoside is also stimulated...Continue Reading

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