Different neural activities support auditory working memory in musicians and bilinguals

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Claude AlainEllen Bialystok

Abstract

Musical training and bilingualism benefit executive functioning and working memory (WM)-however, the brain networks supporting this advantage are not well specified. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and the n-back task to assess WM for spatial (sound location) and nonspatial (sound category) auditory information in musician monolingual (musicians), nonmusician bilinguals (bilinguals), and nonmusician monolinguals (controls). Musicians outperformed bilinguals and controls on the nonspatial WM task. Overall, spatial and nonspatial WM were associated with greater activity in dorsal and ventral brain regions, respectively. Increasing WM load yielded similar recruitment of the anterior-posterior attention network in all three groups. In both tasks and both levels of difficulty, musicians showed lower brain activity than controls in superior prefrontal frontal gyrus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) bilaterally, a finding that may reflect improved and more efficient use of neural resources. Bilinguals showed enhanced activity in language-related areas (i.e., left DLPFC and left supramarginal gyrus) relative to musicians and controls, which could be associated with the need to suppress interference associat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 11, 2018·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Vesa Putkinen, Katri Saarikivi
Sep 25, 2019·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Ryan Gray, Alan J Gow
Feb 26, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Lily TaoQing Cai
Mar 9, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Mira ErhartJochen Kaiser

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