Differential effects of psychotropic drugs on microbiome composition and gastrointestinal function.

Psychopharmacology
Sofia CussottoJohn F Cryan

Abstract

Growing evidence supports a role for the microbiota in regulating gut-brain interactions and, thus, psychiatric disorders. Despite substantial scientific efforts to delineate the mechanism of action of psychotropic medications at a central nervous system (CNS) level, there remains a critical lack of understanding on how these drugs might affect the microbiota and gut physiology. We investigated the antimicrobial activity of psychotropics against two bacterial strain residents in the human gut, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Escherichia coli. In addition, we examined the impact of chronic treatment with these drugs on microbiota and intestinal parameters in the rat. In vitro fluoxetine and escitalopram showed differential antimicrobial effects. Lithium, valproate and aripiprazole administration significantly increased microbial species richness and diversity, while the other treatments were not significantly different from controls. At the genus level, several species belonging to Clostridium, Peptoclostridium, Intestinibacter and Christenellaceae were increased following treatment with lithium, valproate and aripiprazole when compared to the control group. Animals treated with escitalopram, venlafaxine, fluoxetine and aripiprazole...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 28, 2018·British Journal of Pharmacology·Niall P Hyland, John F Cryan
Nov 6, 2018·The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry·Timothy G Dinan, John F Cryan
Feb 27, 2019·Psychopharmacology·Sofia CussottoJohn F Cryan
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
16S
transgenic

Software Mentioned

R
Ethovision XT
R Studio

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