Differential gene expression associated with euryhalinity in sea bream (Sparus sarba)

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
E E Deane, Norman Y S Woo

Abstract

Certain fish have the remarkable capability of euryhalinity, being able to withstand large variations in salinity for indefinite periods. Using the highly euryhaline species, silver sea bream (Sparus sarba), as an experimental model, some of the molecular processes involved during ion regulation (Na+-K+-ATPase), cytoprotection [heat shock protein (hsp) 70], and growth (somatotropic axis) were studied. To perform these studies, seven key genes involved in these processes were cloned, and the tissue-specific expression profiles in fish adapted to salinities of 6 parts per thousand (ppt; hypoosmotic), 12 ppt (isoosmotic), 33 ppt (seawater), and 50 ppt (hypersaline) were studied. In gills, the transcriptional and translational expression profiles of Na+-K+-ATPase alpha- and beta-subunit genes were lowest in isoosmotic-adapted fish, whereas in kidneys the expression of the beta-subunit increased in seawater- and hypersaline-adapted groups. The hsp70 multigene family, comprising genes coding for heat shock cognate (hsc70), inducible heat shock protein (hsp70), and a heat shock transcription factor (hsf1), was found to be highly upregulated in gills of seawater- and hypersaline-adapted fish. In liver, hsc70 expression was lowest in is...Continue Reading

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