Differential micronucleus frequency in isogenic human cells deficient in DNA repair pathways is a valuable indicator for evaluating genotoxic agents and their genotoxic mechanisms

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
Liton Kumar SahaStephen D Dertinger

Abstract

The micronucleus (MN) test has become an attractive tool both for evaluating the genotoxicity of test chemicals because of its ability to detect clastogenic and aneugenic events and for its convenience. As the MN assay has been mostly performed using only DNA repair-proficient mammalian cells, we believed that the comparison of the MN frequency between DNA repair-proficient and -deficient human cells may be an excellent indicator for detecting the genotoxic potential of test chemicals and for understanding their mode of action. To address this issue, the following five genes encoding DNA-damage-response (DDR) factors were disrupted in the TK6 B cell line, a human cell line widely used for the MN test: FANCD2, DNA polymerase ζ (REV3), XRCC1, RAD54, and/or LIG4. Using these isogenic TK6 cell lines, the MN test was conducted for four widely-used DNA-damaging agents: methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), γ-rays, and mitomycin C (MMC). The frequency of micronuclei in the double strand break repair-deficient RAD54-/- /LIG4-/- cells after exposure to γ-rays, H2 O2 , MMS and MMC was 6.2-7.5 times higher than that of parental wild-type TK6 cells. The percentages of cells exhibiting micronuclei in the base excision r...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2020·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis·Mahmoud Abdelghany IbrahimShunichi Takeda
Aug 15, 2019·Nucleic Acids Research·Sara K Martin, Richard D Wood
Jun 15, 2019·Current Pharmaceutical Design·Daria V KimDmitry O Zharkov

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