Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis coexist in stroke, but the relationship between effects and complex is poorly understood. Herein, we investigated dynamic changes of autophagy and apoptosis at the penumbra in permanent cerebral ischaemia. Sprague-Dawley rat models were prepared by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The autophagy and apoptosis were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence with LC3-II and cleaved caspase-3, respectively. The neurological deficit score and infarct volume were assessed. The results showed that the expressions of LC3-II and cleaved caspase-3 were gradually increased from 1 to 5 hours, and reached maximum at 5 hours after stroke. After that, LC3-II expression was significantly declined, but cleaved caspase-3 expression was only mildly reduced from 6 hours to 3 days. Surprisingly, at 4 days after stroke, the autophagy was abruptly increased again, but the apoptosis was considerably and continuously decreased. The severity of the neurological deficit was in accordance with the increase of infarct expansion. Our results showed that autophagy and apoptosis were simultaneously activated within 12 hours after stroke. Four days later, LC3-II expression was significantly increased, while cleaved caspase-3 ...Continue Reading
References
Oct 28, 1997·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·D C RogersK B Mackay
Nov 4, 2000·The EMBO Journal·Y KabeyaT Yoshimori
Jun 1, 2004·Journal of Cell Science·Yukiko KabeyaTamotsu Yoshimori
Sep 6, 2006·Brain Research·Angéla BenedekMihály Albert
Mar 14, 2007·Cell·Tamotsu Yoshimori
Nov 6, 2007·Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library·John J ShackaJianhua Zhang
Mar 6, 2008·Autophagy·Abdelhaq Rami, Donat Kögel
May 13, 2008·Lancet·Geoffrey A DonnanStephen M Davis
Jun 24, 2008·Autophagy·Ya-Dan WenZheng-Hong Qin
Dec 17, 2008·Cell Death and Differentiation·N Kourtis, N Tavernarakis
Apr 15, 2009·European Neurology·Maurizio PaciaroniGiancarlo Agnelli
Jun 25, 2009·Annals of Neurology·Julien PuyalPeter G H Clarke
Aug 15, 2009·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Jean-Marc OlivotGregory W Albers
Feb 23, 2010·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Jingwei ShangKoji Abe
Jul 31, 2010·Neuron·Michael A MoskowitzCostantino Iadecola
Mar 18, 2011·Autophagy·Marc Germain, Ruth S Slack
Apr 27, 2011·Annals of Neurology·Frances J NorthingtonLee J Martin
Aug 2, 2011·Acta Pharmacologica Sinica·Min Xu, Hui-ling Zhang
Nov 25, 2011·Autophagy·Pei WangChao-Yu Miao
Sep 12, 2012·Autophagy·Daniel J KlionskyBrian Zuckerbraun
Oct 3, 2012·PloS One·Li GaoYingdong Zhang
Oct 25, 2013·CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets·S M FayazG K Rajanikant
Dec 24, 2013·Progress in Neurobiology·Ted Weita LaiYu Tian Wang
Jan 1, 2012·Cells·Jean-Paul DecuypereGeert Bultynck
Jul 6, 2014·Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine·Kathleen M BuckleyWilliam D Hill
Sep 7, 2014·Brain Research·Li ZhangJie Jia
Feb 11, 2015·Experimental and Molecular Pathology·Zhao YangBangqing Yuan
Nov 19, 2015·Journal of Translational Medicine·Honghong LiYing Peng