Differentiation of cultured keratinocytes promotes the adherence of Streptococcus pyogenes

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
G L DarmstadtC E Rubens

Abstract

Based on a consideration of the histopathology of nonbullous impetigo that shows localization of Streptococcus pyogenes to highly differentiated, subcorneal keratinocytes, we hypothesized that adherence of an impetigo strain of S. pyogenes would be promoted by terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. An assay was developed in which S. pyogenes adhered via pilus-like projections from the cell wall to the surface of cultured human keratinocytes in a time- and inoculum-dependent manner suggestive of a receptor-mediated process. Terminal differentiation of keratinocytes was induced by increasing the calcium concentration in the growth medium, and was confirmed by morphologic analysis using electron microscopy. Adherence of S. pyogenes was three and fourfold greater to keratinocytes differentiated in 1.0 and 1.5 mM calcium, respectively, compared with undifferentiated keratinocytes in 0.15 mM calcium. The presence of calcium during the adherence assay further enhanced adherence nearly twofold. Adherence occurred preferentially to sites of contact between adjacent keratinocytes, suggesting that the keratinocyte receptor may be a molecule involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. In contrast, nonpathogenic Streptococcus gordonii adhered po...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 26, 2000·Infection and Immunity·G L DarmstadtC E Rubens
Apr 18, 2000·Infection and Immunity·D A ScaramuzzinoD E Bessen
Nov 4, 2008·Journal of Bacteriology·Amber M JohnsonPhilip R Hardwidge
Jul 19, 2008·The FEBS Journal·Richard BauerT E Reichert
Jul 6, 2007·Veterinary Dermatology·David H LloydHugues Gatto
Jan 11, 2003·Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology·James G H DinulosGary L Darmstadt
Sep 16, 2005·The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry·Alexandros KolokotronisDemetrios Antoniades
Nov 24, 1999·Infection and Immunity·G L DarmstadtC E Rubens

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