Diffusion-weighted imaging of the kidneys in haemolytic uraemic syndrome

European Radiology
Jochen HerrmannChristian R Habermann

Abstract

To evaluate the kidneys of patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Doppler ultrasound (US) compared with healthy controls. Fifteen patients (mean age 33.3 years; three male; 12 female) with diarrhoea-positive HUS and 15 healthy volunteers were prospectively evaluated with DWI and Doppler US. A total apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCTOT), and ADCs predominantly reflecting microperfusion (ADCLOW) and diffusion (ADCHIGH) were calculated. Doppler US evaluated renal vascularity and flow. When compared with controls, kidneys affected by HUS showed reduced cortical ADC values (ADCTOT 1.79±0.22 vs. 2.04±0.1x10-3 mm2/s, P 0.001), resulting in either low corticomedullary differences (11/15 patients) or an inverted corticomedullary pattern (4/15 patients). Reduction of cortical ADC values was associated with a decrease of cortical vascularity on Doppler US (ADCTOT, P<0.001; ADCLOW, P 0.047). Kidneys with complete absence of the cortical vasculature on Doppler US (four patients) also demonstrated limited diffusion (ADCHIGH, P 0.002). Low glomerular filtration rate, requirement for haemodialysis during hospitalization, and longer duration of haemodialysis were associated with decreased co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 27, 2017·Clinical and Experimental Nephrology·Takashi NakazatoToshiyuki Imasawa

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