Direct and indirect effects of light environment generate ecological trade-offs in herbivore performance and parasitism

Ecology
Teresa M Stoepler, John T Lill

Abstract

A variety of ecological factors influence host use by parasitoids, including both abiotic and biotic factors. Light environment is one important abiotic parameter that differs among habitats and influences a suite of plant nutritional and resistance traits that in turn affect herbivore performance. However, the extent to which these bottom-up effects "cascade up" to affect higher trophic levels and the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of sunlight on tritrophic interactions are unclear. The objective of this study was to test how light environment (light gap vs. shaded forest understory) and leaf type (sun vs. shade leaves) affect the performance and incidence of parasitism of two species of moth larvae, Euclea delphinii and Acharia stimulea (Limacodidae). We manipulated the leaf phenotype of potted white oak saplings by growing them in either full sun or full shade throughout leaf expansion to produce sun and shade leaves, respectively. These saplings were then placed in light gap and adjacent shaded understory habitats in the forest in a full-factorial design, and stocked with sentinel larvae that were exposed to parasitism ("exposed" experiments). We reared additional larvae in sleeve cages (protected from p...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 2001·Annual Review of Entomology·Caroline S Awmack, Simon R Leather
Jul 13, 2002·Plant Physiology·Sandrine P Gouinguené, Ted C J Turlings
Dec 8, 2005·Annual Review of Entomology·John O StiremanD Monty Wood
Apr 28, 2006·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Alexandra-Maria KleinTeja Tscharntke
Mar 28, 2009·Ecology·Mary I O'Connor
Jun 30, 2010·Ecology·Etienne Laliberté, Jason M Tylianakis
Jul 28, 2011·Ecology Letters·Gina M WimpLeslie Ries

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Citations

Jul 21, 2016·Current Opinion in Insect Science·Michael S Singer
Jan 23, 2016·Environmental Entomology·Ján KulfanMarek Svitok
Jul 22, 2016·Die Naturwissenschaften·David Musiolek, Petr Kočárek
Aug 20, 2016·American Journal of Botany·Antonio López-CarreteroVíctor Rico-Gray

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