PMID: 9165706May 1, 1997Paper

Direct and indirect stimulus-frequency effects in recognition

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
W Todd Maddox, W K Estes

Abstract

Subsequent recognition of stimuli perceived in a given situation was studied in relation to stimulus familiarity as determined by frequency in observers' prior experience. To distinguish direct and indirect frequency effects, on the basis of selective memory retrieval and selective attention during learning, respectively, rigorous controls were imposed on stimulus rehearsability and learning conditions. As predicted by a global memory model, both hits and false alarms on recognition tests increased as a function of prior frequency in a concordant pattern that indicates a direct effect, in contrast with the usual indirect effect of varying normative word frequency. Understanding the role of experiential stimulus frequency in recognition may further the interpretation of research in such paradigms as eyewitness testimony.

Citations

Feb 22, 2005·Brain Research. Cognitive Brain Research·Greig I de ZubicarayMichael S Humphreys
Sep 13, 2014·Journal of Mathematical Psychology·Darrell A Worthy, W Todd Maddox
Feb 6, 2002·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition·Lynn M RederMichael S Ayers
Mar 15, 2005·Scandinavian Journal of Psychology·Reza Kormi-NouriNobuo Ohta
Mar 20, 2004·Scandinavian Journal of Psychology·Carola S Aberg, Lars-Göran Nilsson

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