Direct effects of hypoxia and nitric oxide on ecdysone secretion by insect prothoracic glands

Journal of Insect Physiology
Leon J DeLalioW A Smith

Abstract

Insect molting and metamorphosis are controlled by the molt stimulating hormone ecdysone. A recent study suggests that reduced tissue oxygenation correlates with the size-sensing mechanism responsible for triggering molting. When reared in hypoxia, larvae of Manduca sexta and Drosophila melanogaster initiate molting at lower weights than do larvae reared in normoxia. Furthermore, in Drosophila, the signaling gas nitric oxide (NO) appears to be required for normal developmental timing. As observed in Drosophila, NO signaling targets the nuclear hormone receptor beta fushi tarazu transcription factor 1 (βFTZ-F1) through activation of Drosophila hormone receptor 3 (DHR3), two key regulators of ecdysone production and metamorphic tissue progression. We set out to directly examine the effects of hypoxia and NO on ecdysone secretion using prothoracic glands from feeding fifth (last) larval stage M. sexta. Our results indicate that in vitro treatment of prothoracic glands with hypoxia (2% oxygen) or the NO donor DETA-NONOate significantly inhibit ecdysone secretion. Protein markers of glandular activity were also in keeping with an initial inhibition, measured a decrease in phosphorylated ERK (extracellular signal regulated kinase) an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 25, 2015·Molecular Cell·Simon JenniDaryl E Klein
May 26, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Takashi KoyamaKim Rewitz
Jul 3, 2017·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Maria M BayliakVolodymyr I Lushchak
Oct 8, 2020·Genetics·Michael J TexadaKim Rewitz
Aug 22, 2020·Annual Review of Entomology·Christen K MirthChristopher Amourda
May 7, 2021·Genetics·Michael J TexadaKim Rewitz
Jul 9, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Donald L Mykles

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