Direct manipulation of malaria parasites with optical tweezers reveals distinct functions of Plasmodium surface proteins

ACS Nano
Stephan HeggeFriedrich Frischknecht

Abstract

Plasmodium sporozoite motility is essential for establishing malaria infections. It depends on initial adhesion to a substrate as well as the continuous turnover of discrete adhesion sites. Adhesion and motility are mediated by a dynamic actin cytoskeleton and surface proteins. The mode of adhesion formation and the integration of adhesion forces into fast and continuous forward locomotion remain largely unknown. Here, we use optical tweezers to directly trap individual parasites and probe adhesion formation. We find that sporozoites lacking the surface proteins TRAP and S6 display distinct defects in initial adhesion; trap(-) sporozoites adhere preferentially with their front end, while s6(-) sporozoites show no such preference. The cohesive strength of the initial adhesion site is differently affected by actin filament depolymerization at distinct adhesion sites along the parasite for trap(-) and s6(-) sporozoites. These spatial differences between TRAP and S6 in their functional interaction with actin filaments show that these proteins have nonredundant roles during adhesion and motility. We suggest that complex protein-protein interactions and signaling events govern the regulation of parasite gliding at different sites alo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 23, 2016·ACS Nano·Katharina A QuadtFriedrich Frischknecht
Jul 12, 2013·Parasite Immunology·E J Pearce, J B Lok
Jan 29, 2013·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Janina Kristin HellmannFriedrich Frischknecht
Aug 21, 2014·Biophysical Journal·Alex J CrickJulian C Rayner
Apr 30, 2015·Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro·Andreas Herrmann, Christian Sieben
Jul 6, 2014·Biophysical Journal·Sabyasachi DasguptaGerhard Gompper
May 10, 2016·Trends in Parasitology·Axel Hochstetter, Thomas Pfohl
Nov 29, 2016·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Mariana De NizVolker T Heussler
Jul 15, 2016·PLoS Pathogens·Kartik S BaneFriedrich Frischknecht
Feb 9, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Catherine A MoreauFriedrich Frischknecht
May 26, 2018·Parasitology Research·Henriette PrinzFriedrich Frischknecht
May 30, 2017·PLoS Pathogens·Catherine A MoreauFriedrich Frischknecht
Mar 6, 2021·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Johanna RippFriedrich Frischknecht

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