Direct repression of KNOX loci by the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 complex of Arabidopsis.

The Plant Cell
Mengjuan GuoM C Timmermans

Abstract

KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) genes promote stem cell activity and must be repressed to form determinate lateral organs. Stable KNOX gene silencing during organogenesis is known to involve the predicted DNA binding proteins ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) and AS2 as well as the chromatin-remodeling factor HIRA. However, the mechanism of silencing is unknown. Here, we show that AS1 and AS2 form a repressor complex that binds directly to the regulatory motifs CWGTTD and KMKTTGAHW present at two sites in the promoters of the KNOX genes BREVIPEDICELLUS (BP) and KNAT2. The two binding sites act nonredundantly, and interaction between AS1-AS2 complexes at these sites is required to repress BP. Promoter deletion analysis further indicates that enhancer elements required for BP expression in the leaf are located between the AS1-AS2 complex binding sites. We propose that AS1-AS2 complexes interact to create a loop in the KNOX promoter and, likely through recruitment of HIRA, form a repressive chromatin state that blocks enhancer activity during organogenesis. Our model for AS1-AS2-mediated KNOX gene silencing is conceptually similar to the action of an insulator. This regulatory mechanism may be conserved in simple leafed species of monocot an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2009·Journal of Plant Research·Sandra K Floyd, John L Bowman
Oct 13, 2009·Journal of Plant Research·Claudia CanalesMiltos Tsiantis
Nov 8, 2011·Plant Molecular Biology·Xiaomin WangZonglie Hong
Jul 22, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Emmanuelle GracietFrank Wellmer
Feb 28, 2009·Journal of Experimental Botany·Thomas GirinLars Ostergaard
May 12, 2010·Journal of Experimental Botany·Naoyuki Uchida, Masao Tasaka
Dec 6, 2011·Journal of Experimental Botany·Yang LiLin Xu
Nov 26, 2010·Plant & Cell Physiology·Gorou HoriguchiHirokazu Tsukaya
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Nov 13, 2013·Plant Physiology·Liangfa GeRujin Chen
Dec 27, 2011·The Plant Cell·Camilo La RotaFrançoise Monéger
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Jul 19, 2013·The Arabidopsis Book·Hirokazu Tsukaya
Jan 24, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ali Ahmad NazKlaus Theres

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