PMID: 9545540Apr 18, 1998Paper

Direct structural evidence for formation of a stem-loop structure involved in ribosomal frameshifting in human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
H Kang

Abstract

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in viral messenger RNA occurs in response to neighboring sequence elements consisting of: a frameshift site, a spacer, and a downstream enhancer sequence. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNA, this sequence element has a potential to form either a stem-loop or a pseudoknot structure. Based on many mutational studies, the stem-loop structure has been proposed for the downstream enhancer region of the HIV-1 mRNA. This stimulatory stem-loop structure is separated from the shift site by a spacer of seven nucleotides. In contrast, a recent report has proposed an alternative model in which the bases in the spacer sequence form a pseudoknot structure as the downstream enhancer sequence [Du et al., Biochemistry 35 (1996) 4187-4198.]. Using UV melting and enzymatic mapping analyses, we have investigated the conformation of the sequence region involved in ribosomal frameshifting in HIV-1. Our S1, V1, and T1 endonuclease mappings, together with UV melting analysis, clearly indicate that this sequence element of the HIV-1 mRNA frameshift site forms a stem-loop structure, not a pseudoknot structure. This finding further supports the stem-loop structure proposed by many mutational studies for...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Aug 6, 2003·Journal of Molecular Biology·Martin BarilLéa Brakier-Gingras
Apr 18, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jonathan D DinmanTariq M Rana
May 24, 2003·Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology·I Brierley, S Pennell
Jun 22, 2012·Journal of Virology·Lisa GreenStephen P Goff
Oct 3, 2006·BioFactors·Lijun ZhaoEthan Will Taylor
Oct 10, 2007·Methods in Enzymology·Regina CencicJerry Pelletier
Nov 29, 2005·Virus Research·Ian Brierley, Francisco J Dos Ramos

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