Direction of flagellum beat propagation is controlled by proximal/distal outer dynein arm asymmetry.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Beatrice Freya Lucy EdwardsJack Daniel Sunter

Abstract

The 9 + 2 axoneme structure of the motile flagellum/cilium is an iconic, apparently symmetrical cellular structure. Recently, asymmetries along the length of motile flagella have been identified in a number of organisms, typically in the inner and outer dynein arms. Flagellum-beat waveforms are adapted for different functions. They may start either near the flagellar tip or near its base and may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. We hypothesized that proximal/distal asymmetry in the molecular composition of the axoneme may control the site of waveform initiation and the direction of waveform propagation. The unicellular eukaryotic pathogens Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana often switch between tip-to-base and base-to-tip waveforms, making them ideal for analysis of this phenomenon. We show here that the proximal and distal portions of the flagellum contain distinct outer dynein arm docking-complex heterodimers. This proximal/distal asymmetry is produced and maintained through growth by a concentration gradient of the proximal docking complex, generated by intraflagellar transport. Furthermore, this asymmetry is involved in regulating whether a tip-to-base or base-to-tip beat occurs, which is linked to a calcium-dependent...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 23, 2018·Essays in Biochemistry·Kirsty Y Wan
Apr 11, 2019·Soft Matter·Minji KimJ Mark Meacham
Aug 3, 2019·Journal of Cell Science·Benjamin J Walker, Richard J Wheeler
Dec 31, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Kirsty Y Wan, Gáspár Jékely
Dec 31, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Susan K Dutcher
Jan 17, 2020·Cellular Microbiology·Eloïse Bertiaux, Philippe Bastin
Sep 11, 2019·Annual Review of Microbiology·Richard J WheelerJack D Sunter
Oct 24, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Ziyin WangRichard John Wheeler

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