Directionality of Macrophages Movement in Tumour Invasion: A Multiscale Moving-Boundary Approach.
Abstract
Invasion of the surrounding tissue is one of the recognised hallmarks of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg in Cell 100: 57-70, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81683-9 ), which is accomplished through a complex heterotypic multiscale dynamics involving tissue-scale random and directed movement of the population of both cancer cells and other accompanying cells (including here, the family of tumour-associated macrophages) as well as the emerging cell-scale activity of both the matrix-degrading enzymes and the rearrangement of the cell-scale constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM) fibres. The involved processes include not only the presence of cell proliferation and cell adhesion (to other cells and to the extracellular matrix), but also the secretion of matrix-degrading enzymes. This is as a result of cancer cells as well as macrophages, which are one of the most abundant types of immune cells in the tumour micro-environment. In large tumours, these tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) have a tumour-promoting phenotype, contributing to tumour proliferation and spread. In this paper, we extend a previous multiscale moving-boundary mathematical model for cancer invasion, by considering also the multiscale effects of T...Continue Reading
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