Discovery of conventional prolactin from the holocephalan elephant fish, Callorhinchus milii

General and Comparative Endocrinology
Yoko YamaguchiSusumu Hyodo

Abstract

The conventional prolactin (PRL), also known as PRL1, is an adenohypophysial hormone that critically regulates various physiological events in reproduction, metabolism, growth, osmoregulation, among others. PRL1 shares its evolutionary origin with PRL2, growth hormone (GH), somatolactin and placental lactogen, which together form the GH/PRL hormone family. Previously, several bioassays implied the existence of PRL1 in elasmobranch pituitaries. However, to date, all attempts to isolate PRL1 from chondrichthyans have been unsuccessful. Here, we cloned PRL1 from the pituitary of the holocephalan elephant fish, Callorhinchus milii, as the first report of chondrichthyan PRL1. The putative mature protein of elephant fish PRL1 (cmPRL1) consists of 198 amino acids, containing two conserved disulfide bonds. The orthologous relationship of cmPRL1 to known vertebrate PRL1s was confirmed by the analyses of molecular phylogeny and gene synteny. The cmPRL1 gene was similar to teleost PRL1 genes in gene synteny, but was distinct from amniote PRL1 genes, which most likely arose in an early amphibian by duplication of the ancestral PRL1 gene. The mRNA of cmPRL1 was predominantly expressed in the pituitary, but was considerably less abundant tha...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 21, 2016·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Marty Kwok-Shing WongYoshio Takei
Jan 2, 2021·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Sakae KikuyamaReiko Okada

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