PMID: 11908789Mar 23, 2002Paper

Disjoining pressures, zeta potentials and surface tensions of aqueous non-ionic surfactant/electrolyte solutions: theory and comparison to experiment

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
K A Karraker, C J Radke

Abstract

A self-consistent electrostatic theory is presented to predict disjoining pressure isotherms of aqueous thin-liquid films stabilized by non-ionic surfactants and air/water surface tensions and zeta potentials of electrolyte solutions with and without non-ionic surfactant. The proposed model combines specific adsorption of hydroxide ions at the interface with image charge and dispersion forces on ions in the diffuse double layer. The result is a quantitative description of aqueous solution interfaces as a function of surfactant concentration, ionic strength and pH. Disjoining pressure isotherms of thin-liquid films stabilized by non-ionic surfactants and electrophoresis experiments on air bubbles and oil droplets in aqueous solutions demonstrate that hydroxide ions specifically adsorb at air/water and oil/water interfaces. The surface charge increases with pH, decreases with increasing surfactant concentration, increases slightly with ionic strength, and for n-alkyl polyethylene oxide non-ionic surfactants is not significantly affected by surfactant molecular structure. Concentrated electrolyte-solution surface tensions, however, indicate that ions are repelled from the air/water interface by an 'image charge' force, that is a p...Continue Reading

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