Dissecting spin-phonon equilibration in ferrimagnetic insulators by ultrafast lattice excitation

Science Advances
Sebastian F MaehrleinTobias Kampfrath

Abstract

To gain control over magnetic order on ultrafast time scales, a fundamental understanding of the way electron spins interact with the surrounding crystal lattice is required. However, measurement and analysis even of basic collective processes such as spin-phonon equilibration have remained challenging. Here, we directly probe the flow of energy and angular momentum in the model insulating ferrimagnet yttrium iron garnet. After ultrafast resonant lattice excitation, we observe that magnetic order reduces on distinct time scales of 1 ps and 100 ns. Temperature-dependent measurements, a spin-coupling analysis, and simulations show that the two dynamics directly reflect two stages of spin-lattice equilibration. On the 1-ps scale, spins and phonons reach quasi-equilibrium in terms of energy through phonon-induced modulation of the exchange interaction. This mechanism leads to identical demagnetization of the ferrimagnet's two spin sublattices and to a ferrimagnetic state of increased temperature yet unchanged total magnetization. Finally, on the much slower, 100-ns scale, the excess of spin angular momentum is released to the crystal lattice, resulting in full equilibrium. Our findings are relevant for all insulating ferrimagnets a...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Nature Communications·Wentao ZhangDmitry Turchinovich
Mar 27, 2020·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Ruben Mirzoyan, Ryan G Hadt
Oct 10, 2020·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·A Eschenlohr
Feb 10, 2021·Nature Materials·D AfanasievA D Caviglia
May 6, 2021·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·James Lloyd-HughesFrank A Hegmann
Jul 16, 2020·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Alessandro Lunghi, Stefano Sanvito
Sep 6, 2019··Alexander PaarmannTobias Kampfrath

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
x-ray fluorescence

Software Mentioned

Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package
phonopy

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