Abstract
Adult African American (AA) women have one third of the hepatic insulin clearance of European American (EA) women. This lower hepatic (but not extra-hepatic) insulin clearance in AA individuals is associated with higher plasma insulin concentrations. This study aims to understand whether impairment of hepatic insulin clearance is seen in AA individuals since childhood, possibly suggesting that genetic/epigenetic factors, rather than lifestyle only, contribute to this. A total of 203 children (105 male and 98 female (55 AA, 88 EA and 60 Hispanic American [HA]; ages, 7-13 years; mean BMI, 19 kg/m2 )) underwent the frequently applied intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, General Clinical Research Center and Department of Nutrition Sciences. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels were measured and hepatic and extra-hepatic insulin clearances were calculated using mathematical modelling. Fractional hepatic insulin extraction (FEL ) was lower in AA than in EA children (mean (SD), 19% (20%) vs 33% (20%); P = 0.0007). Adjusting for age, Tanner stage and body fat, FEL was lower in AA than in EA children (P = 0.0012), and there was a slight sex-related difference (FEL, 24% (10%) vs 29% (10%...Continue Reading
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