Dissolution Behavior and Biodurability of Ingested Engineered Nanomaterials in the Gastrointestinal Environment

ACS Nano
Ikjot Singh SohalDhimiter Bello

Abstract

Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are extensively used as food additives in numerous food products, and at present, little is known about the fate of ingested ENM (iENM) in the gastrointestinal (GI) environment. Here, we investigated the dissolution behavior, biodurability, and persistence of four major iENM (TiO2, SiO2, ZnO, and two Fe2O3) in individual simulated GI fluids (saliva, gastric, and intestinal) and a physiologically relevant digestion cascade (saliva → gastric → intestinal) in the fasted state over physiologically relevant time frames. TiO2 was found to be the most biodurable and persistent iENM in simulated GI fluids with a maximum of only 0.42% (4 μM Ti4+ ion release) dissolution in cascade digestion, followed by iron oxides, of which the rod-like morphology was more biodurable and persistent (0.7% maximum dissolution, 8.7 μM Fe3+) than the acicular one (2.27% maximum dissolution, 16.7 μM Fe3+) in the cascade digestion, respectively. SiO2 and ZnO were less biodurable than Fe2O3, with 65.5% (416 μM Si4+) and 100% (1718.1 μM Zn2+) dissolution in the gastric phase, respectively. In the intestinal phase, however, Si4+ ions reprecipitated, possibly due to sudden pH changes, while ZnO remained completely dissolved. These ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 30, 2020·Nanotoxicology·Ruud J B PetersMartijn van der Lee
Jun 5, 2020·Small·Magdiel Inggrid SetyawatiKee Woei Ng
Jan 29, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Mulan ChenWei Zhang
May 5, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Xiaoquan Huang, Meng Tang
Aug 12, 2021·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Scientific CommitteeReinhilde Schoonjans
Sep 4, 2020·Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·Xiaolong HeEndalkachew Sahle-Demessie
Sep 10, 2021·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Luoyan DuanTianlong Liu

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