Dissolution kinetics of high explosives particles in a saturated sandy soil

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Matthew C MorleyJay Clausen

Abstract

Solid phase high explosive (HE) residues from munitions detonation may be a persistent source of soil and groundwater contamination at military training ranges. Saturated soil column tests were conducted to observe the dissolution behavior of individual components (RDX, HMX, and TNT) from two HE formulations (Comp B and C4). HE particles dissolved readily, with higher velocities yielding higher dissolution rates, higher mass transfer coefficients, and lower effluent concentrations. Effluent concentrations were below solubility limits for all components at superficial velocities of 10-50 cm day(-1). Under continuous flow at 50 cm day(-1), RDX dissolution rates from Comp B and C4 were 34.6 and 97.6 microg h(-1) cm(-2) (based on initial RDX surface area), respectively, significantly lower than previously reported dissolution rates. Cycling between flow and no-flow conditions had a small effect on the dissolution rates and effluent concentrations; however, TNT dissolution from Comp B was enhanced under intermittent-flow conditions. A model that includes advection, dispersion, and film transfer resistance was developed to estimate the steady-state effluent concentrations.

References

Jun 25, 2002·Chemosphere·Jason C LynchJoseph J Delfino
Jan 30, 2004·Environmental Pollution·Jay ClausenNic Korte
Feb 3, 2004·Journal of Chromatography. a·Fanny Monteil-RiveraJalal Hawari
Feb 28, 2004·Chemosphere·Susan TaylorChuck Daghlian

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Citations

Apr 30, 2013·Chemosphere·Richard W SmithChristopher Cooper
Jul 11, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Kayleigh MillerickKevin T Finneran
Jun 19, 2012·Water, Air, and Soil Pollution·Beth LavoieLarry D McKay
Apr 7, 2012·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Chao WangYan Jin
Oct 10, 2009·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Fanny Monteil-RiveraJalal Hawari
Sep 13, 2011·Reviews on Environmental Health·Débora R S LimaFátima R Moreira
Nov 3, 2010·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Thomas A DouglasThomas P Trainor
Jan 15, 2009·Journal of Environmental Quality·Richard MartelGuy Ampleman
Oct 31, 2009·Journal of Environmental Quality·Jeffrey LewisSonia Thiboutot
Apr 17, 2009·Environmental Science & Technology·Charles E SchaeferJohn E McCray

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