Distinct lipid droplet characteristics and distribution unmask the apparent contradiction of the athlete's paradox

Molecular Metabolism
Sabine DaemenMatthijs K C Hesselink

Abstract

Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) storage negatively associates with insulin resistance, albeit not in endurance-trained athletes. We investigated the putative contribution of lipid droplet (LD) morphology and subcellular localization to the so-called athlete's paradox. We performed quantitative immunofluorescent confocal imaging of muscle biopsy sections from endurance Trained, Lean sedentary, Obese, and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) participants (n = 8/group). T2DM patients and Trained individuals were matched for IMCL content. Furthermore we performed this analysis in biopsies of T2DM patients before and after a 12-week exercise program (n = 8). We found marked differences in lipid storage morphology between trained subjects and T2DM: the latter group mainly store lipid in larger LDs in the subsarcolemmal (SS) region of type II fibers, whereas Trained store lipid in a higher number of LDs in the intramyofibrillar (IMF) region of type I fibers. In addition, a twelve-week combined endurance and strength exercise program resulted in a LD phenotype shift in T2DM patients partly towards an 'athlete-like' phenotype, accompanied by improved insulin sensitivity. Proteins involved in LD turnover were also more abundant in Trained than in T2DM a...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 6, 2019·The Journal of Physiology·Cassidy Tinline-GoodfellowMackenzie McLaughlin
Mar 17, 2019·Cells·Xuehan LiXuelin Zhang
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Aug 17, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Sabine DaemenMatthijs K C Hesselink

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
biopsies
transmission electron microscopy
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Huygens Essential
Matlab
SPSS

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