Distinctive diel growth cycles in leaves and cladodes of CAM plants: differences from C3 plants and putative interactions with substrate availability, turgor and cytoplasmic pH

Functional Plant Biology : FPB
Liezel M GouwsAchim Walter

Abstract

Distinct diel rhythms of leaf and cladode expansion growth were obtained in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants under water-limited conditions, with maxima at mid-day during phase III of CO2 assimilation. This pattern coincided with the availability of CO2 for photosynthesis and growth during the decarboxylation of malic acid, with maximum cell turgor due to the nocturnally accumulated malic acid, and with the period of low cytoplasmic pH associated with malic acid movement from vacuole to cytosol. Maximum growth rates were generally only 20% of those in C3 plants and were reached at a different time of the day compared with C3 plants. The results suggest that malic acid, as a source of carbohydrates, and a determinant of turgor and cytoplasmic pH, plays a major role in the control of diel growth dynamics in CAM plants under desert conditions. The observed plasticity in phasing of growth rhythms under situations of differing water availability suggests that a complex network of factors controls the diel growth patterns in CAM plants and needs to be investigated further.

References

Feb 9, 2000·Trends in Plant Science·H G Nimmo
Sep 7, 2001·Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology·D J Cosgrove
Mar 12, 2004·Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology·John C. Cushman, Hans J. Bohnert
Mar 16, 2005·Annals of Botany·Achim Walter, Ulrich Schurr
Sep 1, 1977·Plant Physiology·M G JonesO H Lowry
Jun 1, 2002·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·Tahar TaybiAnne M Borland
Jun 1, 2002·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·Anne M Borland, Antony N Dodd

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Citations

Apr 28, 2009·Journal of Experimental Botany·Anne M BorlandJ Andrew C Smith
Jul 1, 2005·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·John C Cushman
Jul 7, 2009·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Achim WalterUlrich Schurr

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme assay

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