Distress after an abnormal Pap smear result: scale development and psychometric validation

Preventive Medicine
Eileen ShinnMichele Follen

Abstract

Psychological distress is severe in women who receive a report of abnormal findings on Pap smear, and may be one reason 10-61% of such women fail to undergo follow-up testing. Using the 14-question Psychosocial Effects of Abnormal Pap Smears Questionnaire (PEAPS-Q) as a basis, we developed the 23-question Cervical Dysplasia Distress Questionnaire (CDDQ), testing its internal consistency and validity with 661 women undergoing colposcopy after an abnormal Pap smear finding in a three-phase analysis. Items were divided into two sets and factor analyzed separately: one addressed distress during medical procedures, and the other concerned perceived consequences of an abnormal Pap smear. The medical procedures items yielded two factors: embarrassment regarding the procedures and discomfort/tension with the procedures. Factor analysis of the second set also resulted in two factors: concern about sexual and reproductive issues and concern about health consequences. Subscales created from items loading highly on each factor had high internal consistency (alpha ranged from 0.76 to 0.90) and demonstrated good concurrent validity with other psychometrically validated measures of distress. The CDDQ is a reliable and valid questionnaire for ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1991·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·C LermanD Smith
Jun 1, 1995·American Journal of Public Health·D T JanerichA P Polednak
Mar 31, 1998·The Journal of Family Practice·P A CliftonS Andrews
Apr 2, 1999·Archives of Family Medicine·M D McKeeM Mulvihill
Oct 20, 2006·Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease·Sandra E BrooksGloria Moses

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 11, 2013·BMC Public Health·Dorothy A MachalekUNKNOWN SPANC Study Team
Sep 11, 2009·Current Medical Research and Opinion·T Christopher MastDaron G Ferris
Aug 5, 2009·Current Medical Research and Opinion·Tracey HoyRalph P Insinga
Dec 14, 2011·Gynécologie, obstétrique & fertilité·J MonsonegoP Klein
Mar 23, 2010·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology·Paula M FrewCarlos del Rio
Jun 3, 2009·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·Susanna Kola, Jane C Walsh
Dec 9, 2008·Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America·Cosette Marie Wheeler
Apr 4, 2009·Journal of Biophotonics·Elizabeth M KanterAnita Mahadevan-Jansen
Jan 3, 2013·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research·Luca GiannellaSonia Prandi
Sep 10, 2005·Gynecologic Oncology·Sandi L PruittKaren Basen-Engquist
Nov 1, 2011·Oncology Nursing Forum·Nathan S ConsedineElizabeth A Broadbent
Jun 23, 2007·Medical Decision Making : an International Journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making·Ralph P InsingaBrenda B Rush
Oct 6, 2007·Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease·Kimberly B FortnerLorraine S Wallace
May 12, 2007·International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care·Karen Basen-EngquistMichele Follen
Jan 1, 2013·American Journal of Health Education·Laura J FishCathrine Hoyo
Jul 1, 2020·Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics·M JentschkeP Hillemanns
Jun 15, 2011·The Analyst·Elizabeth VargisAnita Mahadevan-Jansen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.