Distribution and corticosteroid regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in the brain of Xenopus laevis

The Journal of Comparative Neurology
Meng YaoRobert J Denver

Abstract

Glucocorticoids (GCs) play essential roles in physiology, development, and behavior that are mediated largely by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Although the GR has been intensively studied in mammals, very little is known about the GR in nonmammalian tetrapods. We analyzed the distribution and GC regulation of GR in the brain of the frog Xenopus laevis by immunohistochemistry. GR-immunoreactive (GR-ir) cells were widely distributed, with the highest densities in the medial pallium (mp; homolog of the mammalian hippocampus), accumbens, anterior preoptic area (POA; homolog of the mammalian paraventricular nucleus), Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, and rostral anterior pituitary gland (location of corticotropes). Lower but distinct GR-ir was observed in the internal granule cell layer of the olfactory bulbs, dorsal and lateral pallium, striatum, various subfields of the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), optic tectum, various tegmental nuclei, locus coeruleus, raphe nuclei, reticular nuclei, and the nuclei of the trigeminal motor nerves. Treatment with corticosterone (CORT) for 4 days significantly decreased GR-ir in the POA, mp, medial amygdala (MeA), BNST, and rostral pars distalis. Treatment with the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 1, 2009·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Christopher J Leary
Feb 25, 2011·PloS One·Sebastian H ScharfMarianne B Müller
Mar 27, 2010·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Ronald M BonettRobert J Denver
Apr 28, 2009·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Robert J Denver
Sep 12, 2012·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Yusuke KumaiSteve F Perry
Mar 27, 2010·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Pia Bagamasbad, Robert J Denver
May 22, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Eric W RoubosRobert J Denver
May 22, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Robert John Denver
Jun 4, 2020·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Vania R AssisMary T Mendonça
Mar 20, 2020·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Steven T GardnerMary T Mendonça
Nov 3, 2017·Cold Spring Harbor Protocols·Matthew D PatmannDaniel R Buchholz
Sep 1, 2020·Endocrinology·Samhitha RajRobert J Denver
Mar 26, 2021·Conservation Physiology·Aimee J SillaVance L Trudeau

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