Distribution of glycine/GABA neurons in the ventromedial medulla with descending spinal projections and evidence for an ascending glycine/GABA projection.

PloS One
Mehdi HossainiJan C Holstege

Abstract

The ventromedial medulla (VM), subdivided in a rostral (RVM) and a caudal (CVM) part, has a powerful influence on the spinal cord. In this study, we have identified the distribution of glycine and GABA containing neurons in the VM with projections to the cervical spinal cord, the lumbar dorsal horn, and the lumbar ventral horn. For this purpose, we have combined retrograde tracing using fluorescent microspheres with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) and GAD67 mRNAs to identify glycinergic and/or GABAergic (Gly/GABA) neurons. Since the results obtained with FISH for GlyT2, GAD67, or GlyT2 + GAD67 mRNAs were not significantly different, we concluded that glycine and GABA coexisted in the various projection neurons. After injections in the cervical cord, we found that 29% ± 1 (SEM) of the retrogradely labeled neurons in the VM were Gly/GABA (RVM: 43%; CVM: 21%). After lumbar dorsal horn injections 31% ± 3 of the VM neurons were Gly/GABA (RVM: 45%; CVM: 12%), and after lumbar ventral horn injections 25% ± 2 were Gly/GABA (RVM: 35%; CVM: 17%). In addition, we have identified a novel ascending Gly/GABA pathway originating from neurons in the area around the central canal (CC) throughout the sp...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2012·Scientifica·Michael H Ossipov
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Apr 10, 2016·The Journal of Physiology·Elda ArrigoniPatrick M Fuller
Jun 28, 2018·Journal of Neurophysiology·T FollansbeeE Carstens
Aug 10, 2017·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Hanns Ulrich ZeilhoferGonzalo E Yévenes
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Aug 4, 2016·Anatomical Science International·Katsuya KamiEmiko Senba
Sep 9, 2016·Journal of Neurophysiology·Nabil El BitarDaniel Le Bars
Dec 22, 2020·The Journal of Physiology·Kazuhiro HoriiYasutake Shimizu
Apr 23, 2014·Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care·Michael H OssipovFrank Porreca
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