Distribution of Phthalate Metabolites between Paired Maternal-Fetal Samples

Environmental Science & Technology
Xiaoying LiLei Wang

Abstract

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are readily metabolized to phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) in the human body. The occurrence of mPAEs in adult human samples is well documented; however, the maternal-fetal transmission of mPAEs has seldom been studied. In this study, 78 paired maternal-fetal samples, including maternal urine (MU), maternal serum (MS), cord serum (CS), and amniotic fluid (AF), were collected from pregnant women in Tianjin, China. Seven mPAEs were detected in MS, CS, and AF, whereas all 11 investigated mPAEs were found in MU. The median concentration of ∑mPAEs was the highest in MU (128 ng/mL, with a range of 20.2-973 ng/mL), and proceeded in the order of CS (44.9, 13.9-315 ng/mL), MS (24.6, 3.75-156 ng/mL), and AF (10.4, 7.69-79.8 ng/mL). The values of ∑mPAEs and several individual mPAEs were significantly correlated between MU and MS, with generally higher concentrations in MU, which indicated that urinary mPAEs is a good indicator of PAEs' exposure in adults. Notably, the median CS:MS ratios of ∑mPAEs (1.58) were higher than 1, indicating that fetuses were exposed to mPAEs before birth. Significant correlations were also observed between MS and CS, which suggested that mPAEs in MS provide an indication of the fetal e...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 19, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Xin HeWenjing Wang
Feb 8, 2020·Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering·Mohammad DarvishmotevalliRoya Kelishadi
May 10, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Mohammad DarvishmotevalliRoya Kelishadi
Jul 1, 2021·Allergy and Asthma Proceedings·Minyoung JungYong Mean Park
Oct 2, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Lian KangShengde Wu

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