Disturbances of antimicrobial lipids in atopic dermatitis

Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
Bodo Melnik

Abstract

Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit an increased susceptibility to cutaneous infections, especially to pathological colonization with superantigen-secreting Staphylococcus aureus. Recent attention has been focused on antimicrobial peptides, especially on cathelicidin and human beta-defensin-2, which are under-expressed in atopic skin. Antimicrobial lipids from the stratum corneum are also major contributors to cutaneous antimicrobial defense. Current aspects of biochemistry and function of antimicrobial lipids in atopic dermatitis are reviewed in detail. The major classes of stratum corneum lipids with antimicrobial activity are free fatty acids, glucosylceramides, and free sphingosines. Diminished levels of free sphingosines in the stratum corneum have recently been detected in atopic dermatitis and have been associated with the pathological colonization of atopic skin with Staphylococcus aureus. The superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B has been shown to reduce the suppressive effect of regulatory T cells on T-cell proliferation, thus augmenting T-cell activation in patients with atopic dermatitis. The killing of superantigen-secreting bacterial strains with topically applied antimicrobial lipids offers new antiseptic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 11, 2012·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Yücel Baspinar, Hans-Hubert Borchert
Sep 15, 2009·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Yücel BaspinarHans-Hubert Borchert
Feb 25, 2014·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Sylvia KellerGerhard Jahreis
Sep 7, 2006·Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology·William Abramovits, Amy Perlmutter

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