Divergence and evolution of cotton bHLH proteins from diploid to allotetraploid

BMC Genomics
Bingliang LiuTianzhen Zhang

Abstract

Polyploidy is considered a major driving force in genome expansion, yielding duplicated genes whose expression may be conserved or divergence as a consequence of polyploidization. We compared the genome sequences of tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and its two diploid progenitors, G. arboreum and G. raimondii, and found that the bHLH genes were conserved over the polyploidization. Oppositely, the expression of the homeolgous gene pairs was diversified. The biased homeologous proportion for bHLH family is significantly higher (64.6%) than the genome wide homeologous expression bias (40%). Compared with cacao (T. cacao), orthologous genes only accounted for a small proportion (41.7%) of whole cotton bHLHs family. The further Ks analysis indicated that bHLH genes underwent at least two distinct episodes of whole genome duplication: a recent duplication (1.0-60.0 million years ago, MYA, 0.005 < Ks < 0.312) and an old duplication (> 60.0 MYA, 0.312 < Ks < 3.0). The old duplication event might have played a key role in the expansion of the bHLH family. Both recent and old duplicated pairs (68.8%) showed a divergent expression profile, indicating specialized functions. The expression diversification of the duplicated genes sugge...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KP072743
AAK19612

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

MAST
Mev4
MCSCAN
PBLAST
VIGS
HMMER3
MCScanX
MEME
BioEdit

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