Divergent receptor proteins confer responses to different karrikins in two ephemeral weeds.

Nature Communications
Yueming K SunMark T Waters

Abstract

Wildfires can encourage the establishment of invasive plants by releasing potent germination stimulants, such as karrikins. Seed germination of Brassica tournefortii, a noxious weed of Mediterranean climates, is strongly stimulated by KAR1, the archetypal karrikin produced from burning vegetation. In contrast, the closely-related yet non-fire-associated ephemeral Arabidopsis thaliana is unusual because it responds preferentially to KAR2. The α/β-hydrolase KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) is the putative karrikin receptor identified in Arabidopsis. Here we show that B. tournefortii expresses three KAI2 homologues, and the most highly-expressed homologue is sufficient to confer enhanced responses to KAR1 relative to KAR2 when expressed in Arabidopsis. We identify two amino acid residues near the KAI2 active site that explain the ligand selectivity, and show that this combination has arisen independently multiple times within dicots. Our results suggest that duplication and diversification of KAI2 proteins could confer differential responses to chemical cues produced by environmental disturbance, including fire.

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Citations

Aug 21, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Samy CarbonnelCaroline Gutjahr
Jan 22, 2021·The New Phytologist·Jiaren YaoMark T Waters
Feb 2, 2021·Planta·Mehran Rahimi, Harro Bouwmeester
Apr 2, 2021·Plant Physiology·David C Nelson
Jun 30, 2021·Current Opinion in Plant Biology·Raphaella HullUta Paszkowski
Jun 24, 2021·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Katharina BurschHenrik Johansson

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
A00704

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
transgenics
protein folding
PCR

Software Mentioned

PHYML
MAFFT
TBLASTN
BLAST
PyMOL
PROVEAN
GraphPad Prism
Geneious
LightCycler
ImageJ

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