PMID: 8603042Jan 1, 1996Paper

Diverse modes of action of progesterone and its metabolites

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
V B MaheshL B Hendry

Abstract

Progesterone and its metabolites have a variety of diverse effects in the brain, uterus, smooth muscle, sperm and the oocyte. The effects include changes in electrophysiological excitability, induction of anesthesia, regulation of gonadotropin secretion, regulation of estrogen receptors, modulation of uterine contractility and induction of acrosome reaction and oocyte maturation. The latency of the effects vary from several seconds to several hours. Thus, it is not surprising that multiple mechanisms of action are involved. The classical mechanism of steroid hormone action of intracellular receptor binding has been supplemented by the possibility of the steroid acting as a transcription factor after the binding of the receptor protein to DNA. Other mechanisms include influence of the steroids on membrane fluidity and acting through other cell signalling systems, membrane receptors and GABA(A) receptors. Of particular interest are multiple mechanisms for the same types of action. For example the effect of progesterone on gonadotropin release is largely exerted via the classical intracellular receptor as well as membrane receptors, whereas 3(alpha),5(alpha)-tetrahydroprogesterone-induced LH release occurs via the GABA(A) receptor...Continue Reading

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