Diversity and history of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl) gene family in vertebrates

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Mónica Lopes-MarquesL Filipe C Castro

Abstract

Fatty acids, a considerable fraction of lipid molecules, participate in fundamental physiological processes. They undergo activation into their corresponding CoA esters for oxidation or esterification into complex lipids (e.g. triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol esters), a process that is carried out by acyl-CoA synthases (ACS). Here we analyze the evolution of the gene family encoding for the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (Acsl) in vertebrates. By means of phylogenetics and comparative genomics we show that genome duplications (2R) generated the diversity of Acsl genes in extant vertebrate lineages. In the vertebrate ancestor two separate genes originated the current Acsl1/5/6 and the Acsl3/4 gene families, and the extra gene duplicates in teleosts are a consequence of the teleost specific third round of genome duplication (3R). Moreover, the diversity of Acsl family members is broader than anticipated. Our strategy uncovered a novel uncharacterized Acsl-like gene found in teleosts, spotted gar, coelacanth and possibly lamprey, which we designate Acsl2. The detailed analysis of the Acsl2 teleost gene locus strongly supports the conclusion that it corresponds to a retained 2R paralogue, lost in tetrapods. We provide ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 7, 2017·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Vanessa H Quinlivan, Steven A Farber
Mar 15, 2019·Genetica·Chao ZhaoHonghai Zhang
Jul 28, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Matteo Rossi Sebastiano, Georgia Konstantinidou
Nov 11, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Saige L PompuraDavid A Hafler
Jan 25, 2021·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Holly DykstraNing Wu
Oct 9, 2020·Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids·Regina F Fernandez, Jessica M Ellis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

matrix2png
PhyML
Protest
MAFFT
Microsyteny
Primer3
Blastp
tBlastn
MrBayes
Ensembl

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