DNA methylation in imprinted genes IGF2 and GNASXL is associated with prenatal maternal stress

Genes, Brain, and Behavior
E B VangeelS Claes

Abstract

Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes during embryonic development is influenced by the prenatal environment. Our aim was to examine the effect of maternal emotional stress and cortisol levels during pregnancy on methylation of imprinted genes, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating extra-large (GNASXL), using umbilical cord blood DNA. Maternal depressed mood (Edinburgh Depression Scale; EDS), pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire (PRAQ) and cortisol day profiles were assessed throughout pregnancy. At birth, a cord blood sample (n = 80) was taken to study DNA methylation of IGF2 DMR0 (differentially methylated region), IGF2 anti-sense (IGF2AS) and GNASXL using Sequenom EpiTYPER. Linear mixed models were used to examine the relationship between DNA methylation and maternal stress, while correcting for confounders. We also studied the association of DNA methylation with the child ponderal index at birth. We found a cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG)-specific association of PRAQ subscales with IGF2 DMR0 (CpG5, P < 0.0001) and GNASXL (CpG11, P = 0.0003), while IGF2AS was associated with maternal EDS scores (CpG33, P = 0.0003) and cortisol levels (CpG33, P = 0.0006; CpG37-...Continue Reading

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