PMID: 9541239Apr 16, 1998Paper

DNA sequences of amelogenin genes provide clues to regulation of expression

European Journal of Oral Sciences
C W GibsonE Chen

Abstract

The amelogenins are a heterogeneous group of enamel proteins, which have an important function in enamel formation, as mutations in the amelogenin gene result in the enamel defect amelogenesis imperfecta. The cDNAs that encode murine, bovine, human, porcine, rat and opossum amelogenins have been cloned, and as many as nine alternatively spliced messages can be produced from a single primary transcript, explaining some of the protein heterogeneity. Bovine and human amelogenin genes are found on both X and Y chromosomes, and the sexually dimorphic proteins would have 87-93% identity. A comparison of genes from human, bovine and mouse indicates that they are organized into seven exons, and sequences are highly homologous among species. Bovine, murine and human upstream regions also have similarities, with consensus sequences for potential binding of transcription factors, such as AP1 and CTF/NF1. Transgenic mouse studies have shown that 2300-3500 bp of upstream region are sufficient for expression, while 900 bp are insufficient. Analysis of DNA sequence has identified (a) major homology between species for coding exons with the exception of exon 4, (b) similarities in upstream regions likely involved in tissue specific regulation ...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 12, 1999·Journal of Structural Biology·A G FinchamJ P Simmer
Mar 21, 2008·European Journal of Oral Sciences·Yuanyuan HuJan C-C Hu
May 2, 2001·European Journal of Oral Sciences·C K MårdhK Forsman-Semb
Jan 5, 2000·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·P PapagerakisA Berdal
May 7, 2021·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Yulei HuangYan Zhang

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