Do mixed infections matter? Assessing virulence of mixed-clone infections in experimental human and murine malaria

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
Andrew A Lover, Richard J Coker

Abstract

Malaria parasites within an individual infection often consist of multiple strains (clonal populations) of a single species, which have the potential to interact both with one another, and with the host immune system. Several effects of these interactions have been measured in different parasite systems including competition and mutualism; however, direct observation of these effects in human malaria has been limited by sampling complexities and inherent ethical limitations. Using multiple complementary epidemiological models, we propose a suite of analyses to more fully utilize data from challenge experiments, and re-examine historical human challenge studies with mixed-strain Plasmodium vivax inocula. We then compare these results with murine model systems using mixed-strain Plasmodium yoelii or Plasmodium chabaudi, to explore the utility of these methods in fully utilizing these data, including the first quantitative estimates of effect sizes for mixed-strain parasitemia. These models also provide a method to assess consistency within these animal model systems. We find that amongst a limited set of P. vivax (incubation time) and P. yoelii infections (time-to-mortality), survival times at a study population-level are interme...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 23, 2020·Parasitology·Rafael Gutiérrez-LópezJordi Figuerola
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Xin-Zhuan SuDeirdre A Joy

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