Docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro human lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion

Transplantation
B KhalfounY Lebranchu

Abstract

Dietary supplementation with fish oil, which contains high amounts of long chain omega 3 ((n-3)) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has recently been shown to have protective and ameliorative effects on diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory reactions. Interactions between vascular endothelium, mononuclear cells, and cytokines are crucial steps in the course of inflammatory processes such as chronic graft rejection. We therefore studied the effects of DHA and EPA on both the adhesion of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to human endothelial cells (EC) in culture and the expression of EC-adhesion molecules and their counterreceptors on PBL. The addition of DHA or EPA to the adhesion assay significantly decreased the adhesion of PBL to untreated EC and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha)-, interleukin (IL) 4-, and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated EC. When EC were pretreated with (n-3) PUFAs for 18 hr, washed, and then stimulated by TNF alpha, IL-4, or lipopolysaccharide, PBL adhesion was also significantly reduced compared with controls. We also showed that PBL preincubated with DHA or EPA, and then washed and chromium radiolabeled, still exhibit...Continue Reading

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