PMID: 9445512Jan 31, 1998Paper

Does culture confirmation of high-sensitivity rapid streptococcal tests make sense? A medical decision analysis

Pediatrics
K H Webb

Abstract

Since the 1990 publication of a decision analysis, in which the treatment of pharyngitis in children was evaluated, a number of assumptions important in that analysis have changed. Updating many of the assumptions and costs used in that analysis to reflect the conditions currently found in a large, suburban pediatric practice, a cost-effectiveness analysis was performed in which four strategies for the treatment of pharyngitis were considered: treat all, high-sensitivity antigen test, culture, and high-sensitivity antigen test with culture confirmation. Decision analysis. Using microbiology data from the 13 published studies in which a high-sensitivity antigen test (Strep A OIA; BioStar Inc., Boulder, CO) and blood agar plate culture were evaluated against a variety of gold standards, the sensitivity and specificity of the high-sensitivity antigen test were 89.1% and 95%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of blood agar plate throat culture were 83.4% and 99%, respectively. Penicillin V was used as the treatment of choice for uncomplicated pharyngitis; erythromycin was used in cases of penicillin allergy. Rates of suppurative and nonsuppurative complications reflect those currently seen in the United States. Other as...Continue Reading

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