Does experience provide a permissive or instructive influence on the development of direction selectivity in visual cortex?

Neural Development
Arani RoyStephen D Van Hooser

Abstract

In principle, the development of sensory receptive fields in cortex could arise from experience-independent mechanisms that have been acquired through evolution, or through an online analysis of the sensory experience of the individual animal. Here we review recent experiments that suggest that the development of direction selectivity in carnivore visual cortex requires experience, but also suggest that the experience of an individual animal cannot greatly influence the parameters of the direction tuning that emerges, including direction angle preference and speed tuning. The direction angle preference that a neuron will acquire can be predicted from small initial biases that are present in the naïve cortex prior to the onset of visual experience. Further, experience with stimuli that move at slow or fast speeds does not alter the speed tuning properties of direction-selective neurons, suggesting that speed tuning preferences are built in. Finally, unpatterned optogenetic activation of the cortex over a period of a few hours is sufficient to produce the rapid emergence of direction selectivity in the naïve ferret cortex, suggesting that information about the direction angle preference that cells will acquire must already be pre...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Chand Parvez Danka Mohammed, Reem Khalil
Jun 14, 2019·Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience·Nareg BerberianSylvain Chartier
May 18, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Carlotta Gilardi, Nereo Kalebic

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