Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults?

Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice
C Ellie WilsonDeclan G M Murphy

Abstract

It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x(2) = 4.09; p = 0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ > 70; N = 827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p = 0.001, d = 0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2017·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Rene JamisonAlycia K Halladay
May 19, 2017·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Laura Foran Lewis
Nov 5, 2016·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Rachel GroveSander Begeer
Dec 3, 2016·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Tineke Backer van OmmerenSander Begeer
Dec 3, 2016·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Meng-Chuan LaiUNKNOWN MRC AIMS Consortium
Dec 1, 2017·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Maria José CortésRafael Martínez-Leal
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Apr 5, 2019·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Rachel K SchuckLawrence K Fung
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Apr 22, 2020·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·Aaron J KaatSomer L Bishop
Dec 6, 2017·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Allison B RattoLaura Gutermuth Anthony
Jul 28, 2017·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Joanna L MusseyLaura G Klinger
Jun 27, 2017·Molecular Autism·Tony CharmanJan K Buitelaar
Aug 28, 2020·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Alana BarnettGareth Richards
Nov 3, 2016·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Francesca Happé, Jane R Conway
Jun 12, 2021·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·William E DeCoteau, Adam E Fox
Jun 18, 2021·Research in Developmental Disabilities·Mary A M CleatonAmanda Kirby
Jul 10, 2021·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Yunhe HuangJulian N Trollor
Sep 17, 2021·Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research·Yunhe HuangJulian N Trollor
Sep 18, 2021·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Joanna M TsirgiotisNathan Weber
Dec 1, 2021·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Jess Kerr-GaffneyKate Tchanturia

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