Does the use of specialized proresolving molecules in critical care offer a more focused approach to controlling inflammation than that of fish oils?

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
Robert G MartindaleStephen A McClave

Abstract

The literature regarding the use of fish oils in the critically ill to limit the inflammatory and catabolic response have been inconsistent. The objective of this manuscript is to review a newly discovered class of specialized proresolving molecules (SPMs), which could help elucidate the discrepancies reported in the critical care literature regarding the anti-inflammatory benefits of fish oil/ω-3 fatty acids. Although use of fish oil has traditionally been thought to reduce or limit the inflammatory process in the critical ill, a new class of endogenously produced highly active lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid and ω-3 fatty acids (lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins) have been shown to actively enhance resolution of inflammation. These SPMs stimulate the cardinal signs of resolution of inflammation, which include the cessation of leukocytic infiltration, a countering of the effects of proinflammatory mediators, stimulation of the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils, promotion of the clearance of necrotic cellular debris, and enhancement of the host's ability to eliminate microbial invasion. By actively turning off inflammation (instead of simply attenuating its natural course), SPMs have shown more consisten...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 31, 2009·Journal of Critical Care·Camila C JapurAnibal Basile-Filho
Nov 6, 2018·The Journal of International Medical Research·Zhaohua MengYingping Tian
Aug 9, 2017·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Luiza Oliveira PerucciLirlândia Pires Sousa
Feb 9, 2018·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Lan-Yu ZhangTao Sun
Jun 8, 2018·Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Mary S McCarthy, Robert G Martindale
Oct 9, 2018·American Journal of Reproductive Immunology : AJRI·Emeir M McSorleyJ J Strain
Jul 12, 2017·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Alessio MolfinoMaurizio Muscaritoli
Aug 16, 2017·World Journal of Surgical Oncology·Juan P CataThomas Aloia
Jun 3, 2016·Current Opinion in Critical Care·William ManzanaresGil Hardy

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