Dopamine signals and physiological origin of cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
Masayuki Matsumoto

Abstract

The pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons. Cognitive dysfunction is a feature of PD patients even at the early stages of the disease. Electrophysiological studies on dopamine neurons in awake animals provide contradictory accounts of the role of dopamine. These studies have established that dopamine neurons convey a unique signal associated with rewards rather than cognitive functions. Emphasizing their role in reward processing leads to difficulty in developing hypothesis as to how cognitive impairments in PD are associated with the degeneration of dopamine circuitry. A hint to resolve this contradiction came from recent electrophysiological studies reporting that dopamine neurons transmit more diverse signals than previously thought. These studies suggest that dopamine neurons are divided into at least two functional subgroups, one signaling "motivational value" and the other signaling "salience." The former subgroup fits well with the conventional reward theory, whereas the latter subgroup has been shown to transmit signals related to salient but non-rewarding experiences such as aversive stimulations and cognitively demanding situations. This article reviews recen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 7, 2017·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Jonathan Del-MonteMarie C Gély-Nargeot
Oct 25, 2017·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Daniel WeintraubUNKNOWN PARS Investigators
Nov 3, 2017·Human Brain Mapping·Michael J FirbankJohn Paul Taylor
May 12, 2018·The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques·Marc-André RoyMartine Simard
Nov 27, 2018·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Shiraz TyebjiChristopher J Tonkin
May 17, 2017·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·Lucio MarinelliMaria Felice Ghilardi
Oct 18, 2019·International Immunopharmacology·Qing-Peng XiaLing He

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